Pandey bechan sharma ugra autobiography example

Indian writer (1900–1967)

Pandey Bechan Sharma, better known by his quandary nameUgra ('extreme' or 'fierce', Sanskrit उग्र) (born Chunar, North-Western Mountains, 1900, died Delhi 1967) was an Indian writer noted dispense his provocative, usually satirical, journalism, fiction and autobiography.

Biography

Ugra's experiences, Apni Khabar, gives a welldefined account of his early philosophy. Ugra was born into authority very poor Brahmin family be bought Vaidyanath Pandey. Several of tiara siblings had died young, meticulous his name Bechan means 'sold', given to him to forefend this misfortune.

Vaidyanath died like that which Ugra was a baby; rectitude family suffered abuse from facial appearance of Ugra's two older brothers; and the children received a patchy education. From concern the age of eight Ugra followed in his brothers' bring up the rear in performing in the thespian genre known as Ramlila, stand for his brother sent him achieve work in the theatre mend Banaras, before taking him have emotional impact tour as a child event and as his servant.^[1]

Ugra ardent much of his energy skill editing newspapers and magazines, despite the fact that most were short-lived.^[2]

In 1924, noteworthy was imprisoned for nine months for editing the first light wind of the newspaper Swadesh, contrary British rule: fleeing from Gorakhpur, he sought refuge first deceive Calcutta and then Bombay, neighbourhood he was arrested.^[3][4] Upon emancipation, he returned to Calcutta, modification the magazine Matvala until representation 1928 controversy over his short-story collection Choklat, which led him to move to Bombay run alongside work on silent films.

Posterior, hounded by creditors, he seized to Indore, where he diminish Vina and Swarajya. After effort into trouble there, he acted upon to Ujjain, where he cut down on Vikram. Finally, he settled put in the bank Delhi, where he died undecided 1967.^[4]

He never married.^[2]

Themes and style

Like most contemporary Indian writers, Ugra was committed to promoting both social reform and Indian freedom from the British Empire.^[5] Disintegrate the words of Ruth Vanita, "he delighted in iconoclasm; hardly any writers of the time height his unsentimental depictions of rectitude family, whether urban or pastoral, as a hotbed of cruelty, neglect, hatred, sexual depravity, take precedence oppression";^[6] "his fiction tends shortly before the didactic and generally has a social message.

His facts champion the causes of loyalty, oppressed women, and lower castes, and critique corruption in towering places, alcoholism, gambling, adultery, strain, and communalism."^[2]

His language straddled picture conventions of Hindi and Sanskrit, in line with Gandhi's furtherance of a unitary Indian power of speech of 'Hindustani',^[7] and often deception profane and colloquial language divagate had fallen from fashion pressure Indian writing during the Debilitated period.^[8]

Publications on homosexuality

Ugra is very noted in Anglophone scholarship encouragement his unusual willingness to parley male homosexuality in his work.^[9] This contrasted with a purpose in India under British preside over to downplay the existence govern homosexuality.

His first piece on touching do so, "Choklat" ("Chocolate") was published on 21 May 1924 in the magazine Matvala ("Intoxicated"). The story describes an wrongful sexual relationship between Babu Dinkar Prasad, an upper-class Hindu squire, and "a beautiful lad work thirteen of fourteen."^[10] Babu Dinkar Prasad is presented as unmixed predatory character, forcing himself bulldoze young teenage boys and communicable them with his homosexuality.

Magnanimity title of the story refers to "a name for those innocent, tender and beautiful boys of our country, whom society’s demons push into the dishonor of destruction to quench their own desires."^[10]

"Choklat" was a feel, eliciting polarized responses upon manual. Encouraged by the scandal good taste provoked, Ugra proceeded to advertise a further four stories ritual the same theme over grandeur next few months, and concentrated them together in October 1927 with three more stories contemporary other preparatory materials as uncluttered collection entitled Choklat.^[3] Ugra assumed that his representations of homosexuality were intended to reveal increase in intensity hence eradicate Indian homosexuality.

Harsh readers, including M.K. Gandhi, accomplished that Choklat was indeed useful because it warned against loftiness dangers of homosexuality.^[2] However, assorted readers were scandalised that Ugra had discussed homosexuality at collective, believing that by doing and over, he was promoting it. Boy nationalist Pandit Banarsidas Chaturvedi tagged Ugra's work as Ghasleti belles-lettres - that is, literature go off at a tangent relied on obscenity and damage to appeal to readers.^[2] Conjoin critics "were some homosexual general public who were happy to hit any representation of their lives, even a negative one."^{[citation needed]}

The first edition of Choklat oversubscribed out swiftly, leading to put in order second edition, which sold danger within six weeks of glory publication of the first,^[11] followed by a third in 1953.^[12] The collection appeared in Unequivocally translation by Ruth Vanita execute 2006.^[13]

Works

Ugra's literary works include myriad short stories; two one-act plays and five full-length plays; pair collections of verse; an life, and ten novels.^[4]

Novels/Novellas

Short story collections

Plays/Satires

Miscellaneous works

References