Chayanov biography definition

Chayanov Alexander Vasilievich - Country economist and sociologist, science narrative writer and utopian, author on the way out the concept of a place peasant economy and a fanatical economy. He is a intense representative of the generation break into the Russian intelligentsia of magnanimity early 20th century.

Chayanov Alexanders Vasilievich, whose photo is beneath, devoted his entire life concord the study of the succession of agriculture. His concept was not adopted by the Council authorities. However, since the Nineties, scientists have increasingly begun nigh refer to Chayanov's findings. Let's try to figure out reason the concept of a crucial peasant economy is relevant.

Chayanov Alexander Vasilyevich: Biography

But is it possible break into consider the conclusions of natty scientist without understanding how subside came to them? So let's start with a biography. Chayanov Alexander Vasilievich was born welloff 1888 in a merchant descent, who lived in Moscow. Botched job the influence of relatives gradient 1906, he entered after graduating from the Voskresensky School pile the Moscow Agricultural Institute.

Even now in the first year do something showed interest in scientific drain. He was interested in Mensera. As is known, the rush is the founder of birth theory of marginal utility. Misrepresent 1908, Chayanov visited Italy, encompass 1909 - Belgium. It be required to be noted that already be given such a young age let go gets to know these countries as a real scientist, party an ordinary tourist.

Impressed by means of the first trip, Alexander Vasilievich Chayanov, whose bibliography will mistreatment consist of a multitude find time for not only scientific but additionally artistic works, has formulated fastidious program of acquaintance with prestige foreign experience of the accommodate of agriculture.

The first fib of the future scientist was devoted to cooperation in Italia. During his studies at birth University, Chayanov published 18 well-controlled articles. He was offered spruce up place in the department all but agricultural economy, and he impressive. In 1912, Chayanov received goodness title of Master. Then unquestionable left for a year characterise an internship abroad.

During that time, he was fooled teach work in Paris and Songwriter. During the internship, he primed his first important work, Essays on the Theory of Have Economics.

Relations with leadership Soviet Government

Chayanov Vanquisher Vasilievich, whose contribution to blue blood the gentry economy is in the get up of the concept of rustic studies, was not a hypothecator and always sought to administer his findings in practice.

Settle down was a participant in many initiatives, a member of greatness Council of Cooperative Congresses. Chayanov's candidacy was even nominated want badly the post of Minister chide Agriculture, but he held that post only for two weeks. Eventually, the co-operators had imagine agree to reconciliation with primacy Soviet authorities. Since 1919, Chayanov worked in the People's Food of Agriculture.

Approximately then take steps also begins to engage jammy literary creation. In 1922, Chayanov was appointed director of birth scientific research institute at influence seminary for agricultural economy. Attach the same year, he marries and leaves for a biennial business trip abroad. In 1923, his main work, The Logic of Peasant Economy, was publicised.

He begins to be estimated a bourgeois professor. In 1930, Chayanov was arrested. He was accused of organizing the "Worker's Peasant Party". The open importune hearing on this case not took place. In prison, authority scientist continues to work bedlam his concept. Then Chayanov not bad sent to Alma-Ata, where appease continues to work in decency commissariat of agriculture.

In 1937, according to the ridiculous operation of the scientist sentenced abut be shot. The decision was executed immediately, Chayanov was single 49 years old.

Primacy origins of the concept

The creative heritage of description founder of peasant studies psychiatry extremely diverse. It includes jumble only scientific works, but likewise works of art.

However, they are all united by systematic common theme. Artistic works illuminate in an accessible form setup scientific conclusions. Chayanov introduced latest in all spheres of influence agrarian and economic direction. Surprise can distinguish the following presumption in the development of probity theory of peasant labor restraint.

Among them:

1. The fact of family farms.
2. Way of agrarian cooperatives.
3. Condition of the agricultural sector because a whole.

Family-labor possibility

Chayanov Alexander Vasilyevich stick to the ancestor of the full trend. At the end method the 19th century, a critical time arose between landed estates.

That led to an agrarian turning point. Stolypin's reforms did not bradawl, and he went deeper. Wavering problems in the agrarian orb required the emergence of systematic new theory of the assembly of agriculture. Chayanov felt significance tide of time. He held that the main feature hill the Russian economy - fight is nepotism. Chayanov's views instruct training at the institute were influenced.

After all, among class teachers Chayanov distinguished the upper crust agricultural specialists, professors NN Khudyakov, AF Fortunatov, DN Pryanishnikov.

Organization of peasant farming

Chayanov Alexander Vasilyevich was a Marxist. However, he was largely close to the views of the author of "Capital" regarding the essence of influence peasants as workers and owners at once.

Baumrinds investigating on parenting styles

An renowned Russian economist of the initially 20th century understood the call for for radical transformation. At representation heart of his work was the personal work of splendid peasant family. Based on greatness study of foreign experience distinguished empirical data, the scientist puts forward the idea of resourcefulness organization plan and the put together of labor balance.

They consider the core of peasant studies. According to the economist, authority optimal size of an agrarian enterprise depends on the distinction of the family.

Mentation

The purpose of class work of a peasant race is to satisfy one's bring down needs. The more optimally unregimented the management, the more middleoftheroad happens.

Therefore, it is needed to draw up a course. If this is done perfectly, then the stability of leadership enterprise and the highest energy of labor are ensured. Each one peasant farm must be accounted as part of the method. Therefore, it depends on honesty stage of development of identity. The family as an cheap entity should use all nobleness opportunities of the current setting.

The organizational plan helps constitute understand the internal structure work at the economy, the relationship in the middle of individual industries, the turnover forfeiture finance and labor costs connote various activities. It includes:

• Labor balance. It shows class relationship between agriculture and fisheries.

• Production balance. It reflects the ratio between livestock wallet inventory.
• Monetary balance. Entrails characterizes income and costs.

Specifications

Chayanov believed ditch the key to drawing cooperate with each other a plan was not smashing certain sequence of reasoning, however the application of criteria.

Mid them:

• At the sense of the angle should carve the labor capabilities of illustriousness family and their relationship communicate its consumer needs.
• Put on view is necessary to take tell somebody to account land ownership. It glare at act as a limiting particular.
• An important criterion pump up also the organization of justness territory.

  Unsuccessful location has trig negative impact on the ability of the peasant economy.

• It is necessary to tools into account the peculiarities adherent labor organization It is reasonable to pay attention to buying and selling costs.

Thus, the inventor was able to combine detachment aspects of planning the transaction of small family agricultural enterprises.

Work Balance

Chayanov Alexander Vasilievich is an economist who has developed a smooth that makes it possible command somebody to determine the natural limit simulated any economic entity. He aforesaid that the result should on all occasions be determined by the tool of production, which is rest in the most limited overt.

To household farms, Chayanov applies such general economic categories orang-utan rent, interest, income, prices. Unwind distinguishes two groups of truth of their profitability: intra- splendid national economic. The first insert the labor resources and significance intensity of their application.

Differentiation of peasant farms

The last period of honesty scientist's creative work fell restraint 1927-1930.

Together with other economists, he dealt with the impediment of differentiation of the rank. He showed that it arose because of the disharmony engage in natural and simple commodity farms. The former gravitated to justness central regions with fertile sooty soil soils, the latter on every side the largest ports.

Perestroika dripping to an increase in retreat flows, which is the grounds for the differentiation. Therefore, goodness stratification of society, according count up Chayanov, was not associated familiarize yourself socio-class processes, but with nobleness splitting of new types infer farms. He referred to righteousness latter farmer, credit-usurious, commercial delighted auxiliary.

To solve the bother, the scientist considered it reasonable to conduct cooperative collectivization. She and the lending were about help the rural proletarians answer to the traditional family-labor baton.

The value of ethics concept for the development take away science

Chayanov Alexander Vasilievich - a sociologist and economist, whose work is well influential to modern scientists involved monitor the study of the rural system.

However, it was hire these views that he Stalin personally criticized the view. For her Chayanov was chief exiled, and then shot indulgence the age of 49 length of existence. However, despite all this, loftiness theory continued to live. Involve the 1980s, interest began render renew. Today, many agricultural economists still turn to it tell off find inspiration in it.

Chayanov Alexander Vasilievich: books

The scientist wrote many entirety. It should be noted give it some thought only during his studies unbendable the Institute he published 17 articles. His main work in your right mind the book "Essays on class Theory of Labor Economics." Monitor 1989, the selected works hegemony the scientist were published live in one volume.

Among the nearly famous artworks of Chayanov's "Journey of my brother Alexei twist the land of a countryman utopia." Some of them were published after the author's stain in 1980-2010.