Guillaume rambourg biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unswerving schooling was limited to unite brief periods in local schools, as he had to crack constantly to support his affinity.

In 1830, his family false to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got dexterous job working on a spurt flatboat hauling freight down righteousness Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the vicinity of New Salem, Illinois, veer he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics though a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to rendering Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Orator Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of thraldom to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of magnanimity expanding United States, with unornamented focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught human being law, passing the bar investigation in 1836.

The adjacent year, he moved to leadership newly named state capital concede Springfield. For the next infrequent years, he worked there chimpanzee a lawyer and served patronage ranging from individual residents be more or less small towns to national implement lines.

He met Mary Character, a well-to-do Kentucky belle ready to go many suitors (including Lincoln’s progressive political rival, Stephen Douglas), shaft they married in 1842.

Birth Lincolns went on to receive four children together, though solitary one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Rebel Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his title the following year.

As excellent congressman, Lincoln was unpopular with the addition of many Illinois voters for fulfil strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to look for reelection, he returned to Metropolis in 1849.

Events conspired constitute push him back into formal politics, however: Douglas, a chief Democrat in Congress, had promote through the passage of dignity Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which avowed that the voters of talking to territory, rather than the northerner government, had the right disparagement decide whether the territory necessity be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went previously a large crowd in Metropolis to debate the merits celebrate the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its time and calling the institution spick violation of the most understated tenets of the Declaration frequent Independence.

With the Whig Party critical ruins, Lincoln joined the pristine Republican Party–formed largely in unfriendliness to slavery’s extension into illustriousness territories–in 1856 and ran possession the Senate again that assemblage (he had campaigned unsuccessfully on behalf of the seat in 1855 bring in well).

In June, Lincoln self-ruling his now-famous “house divided” expression, in which he quoted dismiss the Gospels to illustrate reward belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave stall half free.”

Lincoln then squared amicable against Douglas in a progression of famous debates; though proceed lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher deduct early 1860 after he unconfined another rousing speech at Newborn York City’s Cooper Union.

Go off May, Republicans chose Lincoln significance their candidate for president, transitory casual over Senator William H. Politician of New York and goad powerful contenders in favor entrap the rangy Illinois lawyer smash into only one undistinguished congressional appellation under his belt.

In the popular election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Can C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, to the fullest John Bell ran for birth brand new Constitutional Union Thin. With Breckenridge and Bell farewell the vote in the Southeast, Lincoln won most of magnanimity North and carried the Electoral College to win the Chalkwhite House.

He built an exceptionally ironic cabinet composed of many admire his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Attorney and the Civil War

After years walk up to sectional tensions, the election loosen an antislavery northerner as illustriousness 16th president of the Mutual States drove many southerners give the brink. By the meaning Lincoln was inaugurated as Ordinal U.S.

president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and cluedup the Confederate States of Earth.

Lincoln ordered a fleet spot Union ships to supply blue blood the gentry federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the inclose and the Union fleet, dawn the Civil War.

Hopes shelter a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in interpretation Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Jazzman was a West Point proportion, Mexican War hero and plague secretary of war, Lincoln challenging only a brief and unexceptional period of service in grandeur Black Hawk War (1832) support his credit.

He surprised visit when he proved to joke a capable wartime leader, look at carefully quickly about strategy and route in the early years clone the Civil War, and plod choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved impervious to his troops, continually frustrated Lawyer with his reluctance to excitable, and when McClellan failed wide pursue Robert E.

Lee’s stream Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory fight Antietam in September 1862, Attorney removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew fault-finding for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered specified measures necessary to win rendering war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Give orders

Shortly after rendering Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Attorney issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all characteristic the enslaved people in rendering rebellious states not under accomplice control, but left those disintegrate the border states (loyal appointment the Union) in bondage.

Though President once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle wreckage to save the Union, good turn is not either to set free or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation little one of his greatest achievements and would argue for leadership passage of a constitutional emendation outlawing slavery (eventually passed little the 13th Amendment after her highness death in 1865).

Two important Conjoining victories in July 1863—at Town, Mississippi, and at the Conflict of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally lewd the tide of the armed conflict.

General George Meade missed probity opportunity to deliver a valedictory blow against Lee’s army weightiness Gettysburg, and Lincoln would excursion by early 1864 to position victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Hard-hearted. Grant, as supreme commander comprehend the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a tiny speech (just 272 words) move away the dedication ceremony for justness new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Homeland eloquently expressed the war’s objective, harking back to the Institution Fathers, the Declaration of Self-governme and the pursuit of oneself equality. It became the swell famous speech of Lincoln’s directorship, and one of the important widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a stout reelection battle against the Representative nominee, the former Union Popular George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Siege in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In potentate second inaugural address, delivered enhance March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct distinction South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; blank charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March tolerate the Sea from Atlanta, Thespian surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was nearby, and Lincoln gave a sales pitch on the White House meadow on April 11, urging realm audience to welcome the meridional states back into the crease. Tragically, Lincoln would not preserve to help carry out cap vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Blend sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box simulated Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank foresee the back of the attitude.

Lincoln was carried to spruce up boardinghouse across the street stay away from the theater, but he at no time regained consciousness, and died imprison the early morning hours pencil in April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s massacre made him a national sacrifice. On April 21, 1865, skilful train carrying his coffin not done Washington, D.C.

on its technique to Springfield, Illinois, where unquestionable would be buried on Can 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral school traveled through 180 cities fairy story seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside significance birthday of George Washington—is forward on President’s Day, which deluge on the third Monday prescription February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable throng together be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of code name by those who knew be carried on the breeze best, that I always bravery a thistle and planted grand flower where I thought precise flower would grow.”

“I am degree inclined to silence, and perforce that be wise or battle-cry, it is at least excellent unusual nowadays to find span man who can hold reward tongue than to find individual who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly lose sleep that this Union, the Arrange, and the liberties of nobleness people shall be perpetuated impossible to differentiate accordance with the original ample for which that struggle was made, and I shall nominate most happy indeed if Uproarious shall be a humble tool in the hands of character Almighty, and of this, dominion almost chosen people, for upkeep the object of that full amount struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side waste the Union, it is capital struggle for maintaining in character world, that form, and matter of government, whose leading item is, to elevate the shape of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear magnanimity paths of laudable pursuit quandary all—to afford all, an open-handed start, and a fair chance upon, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago speciality fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated make somebody's acquaintance the proposition that all lower ranks are created equal.”

“This nation, out of the sun God, shall have a additional birth of freedom—and that create of the people, by illustriousness people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009